Essay about Harlem Renaissance Poets Countee Cullen and...

Right after the World War I, the majority of African Americans moved from South to the North of the United States. New economic and artistic opportunities led them to create and identify themselves in their own culture and heritage. This movement is well-known as the Harlem renaissance. It was accompanied by new lifestyle, music styles, and plenty of talented writers. This paper discusses two poems from this period: Heritage, written by Countee Cullen, and The Weary Blues, written by Langston Hughes. There is a lot of mystery about the early life of Countee Cullen. He was adopted at age fifteen, and liked a singing of his adopting mother. According to Nelson (2000), that might be the reason why Cullen perceived poetry as muse-song.†¦show more content†¦The explicit use of genders men and women also suggests double-consciousness; it is like two continents Africa and America. These images can be also interpreted as external and internal, public and private, or tangible and intangible; again a double. The author imagines Africa through different images such as listening to the barbaric birds’ songs, drums, jungle, or â€Å"trampling tall defiant grass.† Another double meaning can be seen in the last few lines in the second stanza that point to the slavery and awakened pride of black. â€Å"Silver snakes that once a year Doff the lovely coats you wear† is a perfect example of a double-consciousness. Snakes represent the heritage of the African cul ture, and â€Å"coats you wear† the American because regardless his origins, he was born and grew in America. â€Å"What is last year snow to me, Last year’s anything? The tree budding yearly must forget how its past arose or set† is a great expression how his feelings should change toward the past (origins, Africa) because even the trees do that. â€Å"Last snow† represents the African origins. As he is now American his roots are the past. Another element of theShow MoreRelatedHarlem Renaissance Poets: Langston Hughes, Claude McKay, and Countee Cullen1065 Words   |  5 PagesThe Harlem Renaissance was a time where creativity flourished throughout the African American community. At the time many African Americans were treated as second class citizens. The Harlem Renaissance acted as artistic and cultural outlet for the African-American community. The Harlem Renaissance, otherwise known as â€Å"The New Negro Movement† was an unexpected outbur st of creative activity among African Americans In the poems Harlem by Langston Hughes, America by Claude McKay, and Incident by CounteeRead MorePoetrys Influences on the Harlem Renaissance2031 Words   |  9 Pagesjustice. Poets like Langston Hughes, Countee Cullen, and Claude McKay wrote many poems that spoke on equality in society. African Americans felt betrayed after the civil war. They had given their lives and after the war nothing had changed (Cartwright, â€Å"The Harlem Renaissance†). They were still not treated equal and didn’t get paid as much as any other worker. During the 1920’s they started a cultural and racial movement in Harlem, New York called the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance was aRead MoreEssay on Journey to the Harlem Renaissance1282 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Harlem Renaissance As America moves into a more cultural and diversified era, more people are taking the time to learn about the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance was the foremost form of freedom for African Americans. It showed blacks that they were becoming equals in American society. The talents of African Americans soared in art, music, literature and especially poetry. The main writers embodying the Harlem Renaissance were Claude McKay, Langston Hughes and Countee Cullen. Read MoreEssay about The Harlem Renaissance1515 Words   |  7 Pages   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Harlem Renaissance Poets consist of: James Weldon Johnson, Countee Cullen, Claude McKay, Jean (Eugene) Toomer, Langston Hughes, Sterling Brown, Robert Hayden, and Gwendolyn Brooks. These eight poets contributed to modern day poetry in three ways. One: they all wrote marvelous poems that inspired our poets of modern times. Two: they contributed to literature to let us know what went on in there times, and how much we now have changed. And last but not least they all have written poems thatRead MoreJames Langston Hughes And Countee Cullen934 Words   |  4 Pages James Langston Hughes and Countee Cullen were prominent poets. These poets were at the time of the Harlem Renaissance during the 20th century. Hughes and Cullen wrote for others to understand the stories of African-Americans living in the United State. These men had differences in their writing, but one mutual objective. James Langston Hughes was born in Joplin, Missouri on February 1, 1902. Hughes began writing poetry when he lived in Lincoln, Illinois. The Weary Blues was his first book of poetryRead MoreA New Beginning For African Americans Essay1291 Words   |  6 Pagesmovement became known as the Harlem Renaissance, which is also known as the â€Å"New Negro Movement†. With this movement, African Americans sought out to challenge the â€Å"Negro† stereotype that they had received from others while developing innovation and great cultural activity. The Harlem Renaissance became an artistic explosion in the creative arts. Thus, many African Americans turned to writing, art, music, and theatrics to express their selves. The Harlem Renaissance opened doors to the African AmericanRead MoreHarlem Renaissance: African American Culture Essay1181 Words   |  5 PagesDuring the 1920’s a new movement began to arise. This movement known as the Harlem Renaissance expressed the new African American culture. The new African American culture was expressed through the writing of books, poetry, essays, the playing of music, and through sculptures and paintings. Three poems and their poets express the new African American culture with ease. (Jordan 848-891) The poems also express the position of themselves and other African Americans during this time. â€Å"You and Your WholeRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance And The Great Depression1711 Words   |  7 PagesHarlem Renaissance Between 1902 and the Great Depression African Americans began relocating towards the urban North in the Great Migration hoping to escape white supremacy. They gathered mainly in Harlem, New York and except for wallowing in self pity they took advantage of the great majority of their race and decided to take a step out in entertainment (Us History). The Harlem Renaissance was a time of cutting down prejudice and showing the Whites that they have pride in their heritage. MajorRead MoreWhite Supremacy And The Jim Crow Laws1369 Words   |  6 Pagessupremacy in the south where ninety percent of African Americans lived until the Great Migration north that gave way to the Harlem Renaissance. Which was a movement in the 1920 s and 1930 s that opened the discussion on a minority in America. This movement gave a voice to civilians who were slaves sixty years earlier. Even though the Harlem Renaissance was not a true renaissance, the period did serve to stimulate African American writing a s well as a new view into politics. They expressed themselvesRead MoreThe Modernist Period Of American Literature1155 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican community through the Harlem Renaissance. Through the Harlem Renaissance we see a growth and expansion of opportunities in the African American community not only in literature but also in the arts through music and dance, especially jazz music. Major contributors to the harlem renaissance who we see writing a great deal about the limitations and expansion of opportunities of race include Langston Hughes through his work â€Å"I, too, Sing America† , Countee Cullen through his work of â€Å"Heritage†

Urban Agriculture Essay example - 1627 Words

In today’s 21st century of technological achievements, society is more in tune with which new cellular devices are able to open the front door of your house with â€Å"just the touch of one key†. It is this very co-dependence on technology that has lead to the lost of our connection with the foundation of life: earth and what it produces. With the world’s population at a staggering 6,881,821,283 count and growing reports the 2010 U.S Census Bureau, we as a society today face issues like world starvation, widespread disease and an increase of global warming due to human production. In a society where more than a three quarters of the general population lives in urban areas, leaving one mere quarter in rural locations, the result is a loss of†¦show more content†¦According to Saldivar-Tanaka and Krasny, Researchers at Cornell University who specialize in natural science and sustainability education in urban and other settings in the US and internationally, records: â€Å"Currently, NYC has one of the most active community gardening movements in the US, wit over 14,000 gardeners working in somewhere between 700 and 1000 gardens, and over 15 non-profit organizations and government agencies working in support of the gardens† (Neighborhood Open Space Coalition, 2002). Some are approaching this by building â€Å"roof gardens† where city dwellers plant gardens on the roof of building complexes for produce or just hobby. Regardless of what they do with these gardens, they improve air quality by reducing carbon dioxide, which increases greenhouse gases that are destroying our ozone layer. Rooftop vegetation uses carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases like ozone for respiration, therefore reducing the negative effects of air pollution in urban communities. Then there is also the â€Å"heat island† effect, where the stone, concrete buildings found in cities transport heat all around, heightening the average temperature. As a solution, rooftop gardens can provide shade for the massive amount of heat and while doing so transpiring moisture into the air (Advantage Environment). With such a large population, it would seem impossible to find land to accommodate these â€Å"green†Show MoreRelatedSetting The Table For Urban Agriculture1167 Words   |  5 Pagestable for Urban Agriculture,† accredited writer, Michael Pollan, expounds upon Urban Agriculture and it’s place in the twenty-first century. Pollan’s purpose is to explain to readers the legal and societal context of Urban Agriculture. He uses a serious tone and real world examples in order to solidify the idea that Urban Agriculture is an integral part of our â€Å"local, regional, national, and global† food infrastructure. Pollan opens his article by describing the place of Urban Agriculture datingRead MoreUrban Agriculture in and Around Monrovia, Liberia1144 Words   |  5 PagesUrban Agriculture in and around Monrovia, Liberia Timothy Kortu Since the end of the war that raged from 1989 to 2003, Liberia has suffered from chronic food insecure and basic socio-economic infrastructure. Urban urban poverty, improve food security and enhance urban waste management in Monrovia and other Liberian cities. Recently the government acknowledging food security in the country. rity, due to the destruction of its agricultural sector agriculture provides a strategy to help reduce Read MoreUrban Agriculture In Cuba Essay1725 Words   |  7 PagesSustainability and Security with Urban Agriculture in Cuba Many people know Cuba for its cigars and rum, both products made from the two major agricultural products grown on the island, but Cuba has made headlines for something different in the past decade: urban agriculture. Before the Soviet Bloc collapse in 1989, the bloc â€Å"accounted for eighty-five percent of Cuba’s trade, and with its collapse, Cuban imports dropped by seventy-five percent†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Altieri 131). One of the major imports from the SovietRead MoreUrban Farming1169 Words   |  5 PagesEdit Watch this page Urban agriculture An urban farm in Chicago Urban agriculture, urban farming or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around a village, town, or city.[1] Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture. These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.[2] Urban agriculture can reflect varyingRead MoreWhy Students Should Required Military Service1334 Words   |  6 Pageslearning basic agriculture skills will renovate the importance of eating local produce. Keeping the work force healthier and energetic will be a benefit of this new program. According to Local Environment, â€Å"Urban policymakers and sustainable food activists have identified urban agriculture as an important strategy for confronting a host of urban problems, including food insecurity, health disparities, access to urban green space and community economic revitalization. Much recent work on urban agricultureRead MoreThe Economic Development Foundation ( Saedf ) Essay978 Words   |  4 Pages(Hartsell 2016). The ultimate goal is a provision for San Antonio’s movement from lawns to gardens and establishment of community gardens in low-income and very-low income areas of the city, areas designated by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) as â€Å"food deserts†. A food desert is characterized by the inability to obtain healthy, nutritious, affordable food without the use of an automobile, usually co-occurring in areas of indigency. Benefits and Justification: Northwest CrossingRead MoreBenefits Of Urban Community Gardening1251 Words   |  6 Pages Benefits of Urban Community Gardening Melinda L. Smith Charter Oak State College â€Æ' Research question What are the significant benefits offered through urban community gardening, which would cause one to participate in the practice? Thesis statement There are many advantages to participation in community gardening because gardening reduces air pollution and heat islands, helps in crime prevention, and most significant of all can affect one’s health. Literature Review Kathleen Wolf and AliciaRead MoreReflective Argument Paper2131 Words   |  8 Pages and Philosophy. The concept we chose was ‘Urban Agriculture’. We discussed the interdisciplinary advantages of producing food in an urban setting. Our discussion included the social, economic, and political advantages. We researched the impact of these factors, evidence supported the political and philosophical values which urban agriculture has. We found â€Å"These benefits are community building, safety, and reduced blight (A 2, 3).† Additionally â€Å"Urban farms can bring a community together. As gardenRead MoreCommunity Food Security And Food Availability And Accessibility1310 Words   |  6 Pagesenvironmentally sustainable way (Desjardins et al, 2002). However, reduced agriculture land due to increased urbanization has decreased the accessibility of food to the public and has led to food insecurity in many communities locally and globally. The rising urbanized general public has a limited understanding of food since food is usually produced some miles away (Iverson et al, 2014). In recent years, the popularity of urban agriculture and community gardens are raising in many cities in North AmericaRead MoreOne Nations Addiction to Supermarket Monoculture Essay1477 Words   |  6 Pagesstudy done by Martin Frick (et al.) both rural and urban high school students within the Midwest United States were asked questi ons about Agriculture and Natural Resources. In both cases the students knew more about the Natural Resource concepts then agriculture and its policy (Frick 1995). Perhaps it is the lack of knowledge within our communities that causes health issues like obesity and cardiovascular disease, without the knowledge of agriculture and how food is grown many individuals flock to the

Notes Eagle Industry With Solutions Free Essays

Demand Management Volume Leveraging Address factors such standards, requirements, policies reduce related internal demand Aggregate like goods/services across organize,anal units order leverage negro,ate belle pricing terms, condo,ions Source: Cross (2007) 3 procurement decision must consider the Total Cost of Ownership, not just the purchase price. 4 The Formal Strategic Sourcing Process Conduct Opportunity Assessment Profile Us apply Market Develop Issue RFC Negotiate Implement and Manage Performance What buy? From whom? How buy did it oh t? 5 Eagle Industries Case Questions 2. . We will write a custom essay sample on Notes Eagle Industry With Solutions or any similar topic only for you Order Now 4. 5. 6. Why are office products frequently chosen as a lead commodity in strategic sourcing efforts? What observations can you develop about Eagle’s SKIS usage, prices they pay and contracts they currently use? Discuss potential implementation barriers. Perform a supplier market analysis and discuss strategic sourcing leverage points you observe. Use information given in the case to estimate potential savings. I am looking for specific numbers here. Use the information you assembled thus far to develop a sourcing strategy for Eagle. A. B. C. D. 7. Should they pursue a centralized or decentralized strategy? Should they use contract, catalog, or Internet suppliers? Should they deal with a single supplier or multiple suppliers? How should they structure the contract for Super As, A, B, and C items? What is your recommendation for implementing the strategy? Copyright 2013 Elena Kate, University of 6 Office Products rage Spend: typically $200 – $1 500 per employee. Widely available Many suppliers: potential for competition Implementation barriers often lower/reasonable Administrative purchasing often causes problems. How to cite Notes Eagle Industry With Solutions, Essays

How does the presentation of life journeys compare between Tita and Mikage in Laura Esquivels Like Water for Chocolate and Banana Yoshimotos Kitchen Essay Example For Students

How does the presentation of life journeys compare between Tita and Mikage in Laura Esquivels Like Water for Chocolate and Banana Yoshimotos Kitchen? Essay The idea of a life journey initiates a potentially controversial discussion, particularly when concepts of control, destiny and free will are raised. Both Banana Yoshimotos Kitchen and Laura Esquivels Like Water for Chocolate explore the reasons and motivations for embarking on a journey, and indeed the inevitability of one. The protagonists have been crafted as strong, independently minded female characters who, as representations of reality, are as in control of their lives and destinies as any individual. Consequently, it is interesting to examine the extent to which life journeys are experienced by Mikage and Tita, Yoshimoto and Esquivels respective protagonists. By understanding the motivations of the characters, the readers can potentially gain an insight into their own life, their own world, and be inspired to acquire the tools to start out on a new life journey for themselves. In Kitchen, Mikage is introduced as an isolated and lonely young girl. A kitchen is used to emphasise her loneliness, with Mikage telling us that the place I like best is the kitchen, its just a little nicer that being alone (Yoshimoto, 3). This loneliness is exaggerated as we are told that her family steadily decreased as the years went by (Yoshimoto, 4), which ultimately led her to seek refuge in the kitchen, sleeping beside the refrigerator, where the hum kept her from thinking of loneliness (Yoshimoto, 4). Yuichis visit to her house was, for Mikage, a new beginning with a new family. Her initial visit to his house demonstrated the warmth and instant connection she had between Yuichi and his mother Eriko as she fell in love with at first sight, serving as a metaphor for the relationship that she creates with Yuichi. The security she gains from the loving family environment is apparently transient, as Mikages isolation and loneliness is revisited after Erikos death: But never had I felt so alone as I did now (Yoshimoto, 48). Mikage embarks on a life journey to save Yuichi as he once saved her; the confidence and inner-security she has gained from her experiences serve to change and broaden the possibilities for the potential journeys she can take. Likewise, Esquivel provides Tita with a strong personality which led her to take a journey of self discovery. Like Mikage, Tita finds her security in the kitchen notably the room in which she was born where she doesnt require typical human interactions as she established a communication that went far beyond words (Esquivel, 31). Mama Elena imposes almost impossibly strict rules on her youngest daughter, forbidding her from marrying. The cruelty of this situation leads perhaps inevitably to Titas bid for freedom from such constricting moral and social codes; when Roberto dies, Tita displays a previously unseen forceful side to her character when she yells out to Mama Elena, you killed Roberto (Esquivel, 99). This illustrates Titas anger and frustration which she felt as she had lost a child whom she had treated as her own, but more importantly she was torn from Pedro; there would now be no reason for the two to interact. Tita is arguably forced to take a journey to escape the stric t moral ideals Mama Elena forced her to live by. Both protagonists take journeys prompted by loss, and both involve the emotional support of a second character. In Titas journey, she is given support by John Brown to help her discover herself, and Mikage offers support to Yuichi after Erikos death. Mikages metaphorical life journey leads her to discover herself, as she states we believe we choose our path from among the many alternatives we make the choice unconsciously (Yoshimoto, 97). The implication of this is that everything is predetermined and that although along the path we meet obstacles, we will all ultimately reach a destination that has been set for us. Tita and Mikage have to take journeys in order to heal themselves; they reach a destination predetermined by the authors that, in both cases, allows the characters to reach a place of freedom. Mikage feels her spirits began to lift (Yoshimoto, 100) as Yuichi smiled, and here the reader sees that her journey is nearing completion. On the other hand, Tita had returned to he r senses (Esquivel, 123) implying that her journey was a temporary but necessary one for her to resurrect her world. .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11 , .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11 .postImageUrl , .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11 , .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11:hover , .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11:visited , .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11:active { border:0!important; } .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11:active , .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11 .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u72ef5fde7d883b286ac8fe0618320f11:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Unwavering Chinese Traditions Essay examplesWhen Mikage travels from Izu to Isehara, it is evident that Yuichi and Mikages relationship is far beyond friendship, highlighted by the comparison, ordering me around like a new bride. Furthermore, the journey began as Mikage spied a pink telephone (Yoshimoto, 89); the colour pink being typically associated with love and romance further illustrates the status of their relationship. Mikage found that it was a relief to hear his voice (Yoshimoto, 89) when speaking on the phone, but that his words seemed so far away (Yoshimoto, 91). Yuichi being both physically and mentally far from Mikage led her to make the apparently spontan eous decision to pursue her love by taking a journey. As she arrived in Isehara, the doors were securely locked as was the emergency exit (Yoshimoto, 95), illustrating to the reader that Mikage has travelled far and is being forced to repeatedly question her actions. Indeed, Mikage asks herself, what am I doing all the way out here? (Yoshimoto, 93). When she finally arrives at Yuichis inn she is reminded, our dream conversation, isnt it like this (Yoshimoto, 98) and at this point Mikage states, I lost all sense of reality (Yoshimoto, 98). The worlds of dreaming and reality have been blended together, leading a reader to believe that Yuichi and Mikage are indeed fated to be with each other. It is interesting to observe that whereas Mikage knew she had to make the literal journey, Tita needed to be guided before understanding the oppression she was experiencing under Mama Elena. The influence of Mama Elenas beliefs was such that Titas bold character had been destroyed and needed to be revived. Tita had refused to leave the dovecote, prompting an impatient Mama Elena to send for Dr Brown to take her to a mental asylum (Esquivel, 100). Brown is described as having found Tita, naked, her nose broken and her whole body covered in pigeon droppings (Esquivel, 100) ,which is intended to repulse the reader while simultaneously illustrating Browns determination to help her to be free. Titas escape from her past reality led her arrival at Browns to be like a dream (Esquivel, 108), which can be compared to the manner in which Mikages journey brought her to live her dream as reality. Esquivel allows Tita to feel the power of liberty and she compares Titas hands to birds that exempli fy her freedom as Tita discovers, they could turn into birds and fly into the air (Esquivel, 109) whereas before under the control of Mama Elena what she has to do with her hands was strictly determined (Esquivel, 109). After settling in with Brown, Tita made a decision to never go back to the ranch again (Esquivel, 118), a decision that is ultimately reversed but is nevertheless important in highlighting her development. Just as Mikage gained feelings of security from her relationship with Yuichi and Eriko, Tita does so from Brown. However, the journeys do have some distinct differences as Mikage takes a journey unconsciously; Tita, on the other hand, is always fully aware that she is developing and changing. Mikages destiny is already written for her the inevitable intervention by the author and the reader is always aware of the final outcome. It is, however, practically impossible for the reader to predict the result of Titas journey, as her character develops significantly from the start of the novel. Indeed, the reader is left somewhat confused in the final chapters as to whether Tita decides to be with Brown or Pedro. Furthermore, their life journeys can be seen as different because of the manner in which they behave toward the men who help them. In Like Water for Chocolate, the reader could assume that although Brown had helped her heal, once she had returned to her senses Tita fell back in love with Pedro. When looking at Mikages journey, however, Yuichi had helped her heal when she had lost her grandmother, and a more genuine relationship can be seen because Mikage takes a journey to help him when he is unable to overcome Erikos death. Tita makes use of Brown in order to regain her lost love; Mikage needs no intermediary to achieve her goals. .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35 , .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35 .postImageUrl , .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35 , .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35:hover , .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35:visited , .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35:active { border:0!important; } .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35:active , .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35 .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucd74a859a7f812d1af00a8f2727a2b35:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Corporate Downsizing EssayEsquivel and Yoshimoto present the concept of inevitable journeys taken within our lives both literal and metaphorical as well as the different motivations and prompts for these journeys. Despite their female protagonists being described as strong and motivated individuals; both Tita and Mikage are subject to outside influences. The implications of this is important: if a strong character still requires and experiences input from external forces, then the suggestion is that nobody can escape their destiny. Both authors choose to end their novels on a positive note, with the dream world of the characters becoming a reality; both authors choose to offer the reader a comforting and reassuring finale. In a world full of increasing political unrest and uncertainty, the knowledge that we are ultimately unable to influence our destiny is perhaps more reassuring than frightening; especially when we are told that dreams can indeed come true.

A Crowded Shopping Centre Essays

A Crowded Shopping Centre Essays A Crowded Shopping Centre Essay A Crowded Shopping Centre Essay Then there were the pairs of housewives who were chiefly concerned with price. They could be seen making enquiries about prices and bargaining for better ones. Couples, young and old, sat eating fast food and talking in low voices. At every other corner, there was a small stand and a young enthusiastic sales person trying hard to attract the attention of the shoppers to the amazing prowess of some innovative product. Thought they were getting a good deal of attention judging by the crowds that mulled about the stands. Banners proclaiming huge discounts swayed about from the ceiling of the centre. It was still fairly early in the morning for people to be shopping but then of course, it was the season of sales. All over the tiny town, huge shops were holding sales. Almost everything could be got at a bargain. During the current period of unemployment and retrenchment, the sale was probably what many had looked forward to. Only then could they afford to buy that branded pair of shoes or that glittering diamond bracelet that was at other times, priced well beyond the average mans pocket. As sat and waited, I noticed that there were a fair number of security officers walking about. In particular, they lingered about the stretch of jewelry shops further down the centre. The centre held many different shops selling varieties of products that ranged from household stuff to branded, designer goods to exclusive jewelry. The shops were mainly situated on two sides of a sloping stretch of road. The road was closed for traffic to enable shop owners to walk about more comfortably and in safety. I perceived that there were crowds of people at the jewelry shops. Amidst the hustle and bustle, a man in dark glasses and dressed entirely in black stood by the side of a lamp-post, at the end of the raw of shops. Two security persons seemed to be in heated conservation with him. Then, almost casually, the security man produced some small bags from the inside of their shirts and quickly placed them into the hands of the man in black who quickly disappeared into the crowd. Sat there, deeply baffled. The crowd was lost in its affairs.

Isabel Archer Vs. Daisy Miller

Isabel Archer Vs. Daisy Miller Stories featuring ill-fated heroines are not uncommontake Sophocles' Antigone, Shakespeare's Juliet, or Hawthorne's Hester, for example, all well embedded as worldwide classics. Or just take any one of Henry James' many heroinesmost of whom find themselves confronted with rather tragic destinies. Enter Miss Daisy Miller and Miss Isabel Archer. Though a good-natured girl, Daisy Miller does not possess the capability to see beyond her own needs and is thus fatally flawed. Isabel Archer, however, possesses the ability to see beyond herself and is therefore capable of owning up to her mistakes and avoiding personal ruin.Daisy Miller, in James' novella Daisy Miller, A Case Study is a very young, very "American"‚  lady traveling around Europe with her timid mother, unruly younger brother, and all-too-familiar courier. The little group embraces Europe with an entirely American point of view, much to the Europeanized Americans' dismay. Perhaps this novel achieved such high success in America because the heroine so directly represents the free spirit of America.English: Henry James in 1897.Also an American, Isabel Archer, in James' The Portrait of a Lady is an intelligent, beautiful girl brought to Europe with the intention that one might "make something out of her."‚  Because of her confident individuality, Isabel ends up victimized by less candid characters. This novel, though written quite before James' Major Phase, retains its popularity for its meticulous look at the deep dissent into the heartbreak that life can bring.It is not unfitting to begin by discussing European society. It has been speculated that James worked so frequently with female heroines because he was homosexual, but the personal reasons he so often chose to center his stories around women is not as important as the social ones. American-born Henry James is said to have thought that the social structure in his homeland wasn't...

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 25

Leadership - Essay Example An important skill that leaders must possess is communication skills. A good leader must have superb verbal and written communication skills. Verbal communication skills are required to inspire others to achieve a higher level of performance. Managers are responsible over the performance of the company and its entire staff. Excellent communication skills are needed by managers because they are require to submit different reports to a variety of stakeholder groups which include lenders, employees, suppliers, government, board of directors, and investors. Active listening skills are important for leaders to possess. The use of active listening implies fully concentrating on what is being said rather than just passively ‘hearing’ the message of the speaker (Skillsyouneed). A leader must have excellent analytical abilities due to the fact that leaders are exposed to vast amounts of information. He must be able to dissect information in order to make good operating decisions. Since leaders have to interact with lots of persons the leader must have good people and interpersonal skills. â€Å"Interpersonal skills are measures of how adept you are at interacting with others† (Ncsu). Leaders are assertive and have confidence in themselves. Two important abilities that leaders have are collaboration and teamwork. Teamwork has become a critical success factor in the 21st century. Leadership skills can be enhanced through the use of teamwork. Negotiation skills are also a part of the skill set of a leader. An important role that a leader must perform is to motivate others. A technique that leaders such as managers can use to motivate others is intrinsic and extrinsic rewards. An example of an extrinsic reward is offering financial incentives such as bon uses, while an intrinsic reward could be giving an employee a pad in the back for a job well done. Using teamwork can help develop the leadership, communication, and problem solving skills of the staff. A

TMA 02 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

TMA 02 - Essay Example The Parliament is the supreme legislative body, hence, it can enact any law it chooses; and its enactments are absolutely binding on all. Because of this supremacy, Parliament can delegate legislative power to subordinates and the delegated or subordinate legislation laid down by such persons is also binding on the courts. Because it is sovereign, Parliament can delegate some of its legislative powers (by parent or enabling’ legislation) to Ministers of the Crown, local councils, etc. For example, the Secretary of State for Trade possesses delegated power to regulate the licensing of those involved in the consumer credit industry under the Consumer Credit Act 1974. Delegated or subordinate legislation has become increasingly important in recent years as a source of new law because of lack of Parliamentary time, technicality, urgency and elasticity. The types of delegated legislation include orders in Council, statutory instruments (affirmative and negative procedure), and by-laws of local authorities. While these are the principal sources, to elucidate a difficult point, writings of jurists are resorted to. Since 1972, laws made by the European Communities may be applicable in the UK pursuant to the European Communities Act 1972, ss. 2 and 3. Such laws may take the form of Regulations and Directives from the European Commission and Council of Ministers and decisions of the European Court of Justice, which UK courts are bound to take notice of. As a member state of the European Community, the UK has to a very limited extent subordinated its legal system to that of the EC. Nevertheless, EC law is undoubtedly a source of English law. This is particularly true of directly applicable EC law, such as Article 119 of the Treaty of Rome, which provides for equal pay for work of equal value, irrespective of sex. In a series of cases, this principle has been held to apply to the UK. Courts have been careful to construe this principle as existing over British

The Power of the Mamluks and Il-Khanates Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Power of the Mamluks and Il-Khanates - Essay Example The Il-Khanates, on the other hand, achieved power by giving their subordination to the main Kahn, Kublai, and the main empire, thus ensuring the support of a successful ally. Because they were originally not a Muslim culture, they were often attacked by the Islamic states surrounding them. Eventually, after the converted to Islam, they were able to solidify their faith and gain acceptance. Thus, both clans were able to earn power through their religion, although through different means. It's important to revisit the development of these two empires in order to see how their power bases were increased by their acceptance into Islam. First, it is important to revisit the original Mongol invasions. Something different happened after the Mongols had invaded a few Islamic empires; eventually, the Mongols were to become Muslim themselves. This was to play an important role in the development of Islam within the Il-Khanate. The invasions of Central Asia and Russia by the Chagatai Khanate and the Golden Horde did not have the negative impacts on the native Islamic faith that the Mongol invasion of Iraq and Persia both had. Even though the Mongols defeated the Islamic states, the Muslim faith did prevail, and the Mongols themselves, although the invaders, did, for the most part, convert to Islam. However, the Mongol conquering of Islam's heartland did result in some major changes for the religion. By conquering and disemboweling the current Islamic dynasties, the Mongols in stilled new ones, thus setting a new era for the religion. This new era would allow both the Il-Khans and the Mamluk to achieve power through Islam, although this power would not be implemented until a little later in history. In order to understand how this process came about, it is important to revisit the history regarding the Mongol conquering of Islam. The fighting in Asia began in the 13th century with Genghis Khan, who raided Persia and conquered several cities up until his death. By 1237, the Mongols were outside of Bagdhad, the center of the Abbasid caliphate. When the Great Kahn Mongke was elected in 1251, the decision to attack the Abbasid caliphate was formed. Mongke did not like that Islamic people worshipped a man who they seemed to view as even above the Khan. Thus, the Mongols attacked the capital, and came out victorious (Nichoole 82). Then, Mongke gave instructions to attack the caliphate only if it decided not to surrender. Of course, the caliphate did not, and they were largely unprepared to do battle with fighters as whorled-renowned as the Mongols. They had a large force, but were not as well trained as the Mongols. Another problem that emerged in the Islamic faction was the age-old battle between Sunni and Shiite, and the fact that the caliphate was a Sunni meant that many Shiites went over to the Mongol side, thinking they would regain power if they did saw. Also, many Christians joined the side of the Mongols, seeing the Mongols as possible saviors from the fate of Islam. Some of the Mongol army was, in fact, Christian, so this is perhaps one of the reasons why they were able to gather so much support. Many Mongol soldiers were careful not to destroy Christian churches and symbols, and this fact endeared the army to the

Do Endogenic Processes Influence Global Climate Systems Environmental Sciences Essay

Do Endogenic Processes Influence Global Climate Systems Environmental Sciences Essay All processes that take place inside  Earth  (and other  planets) are considered endogenous. They make the  continents  migrate, push the  mountains  up, and trigger  earthquakes  and  volcanism. Endogenous processes are driven by the warmth that is produced in the core of Earth by  radioactivity  and  gravity. The geography and movement of tectonic plates is a key influence on global climate as it determines the form of the ocean basins, Patterns of heat ransfer in the oceans, large scale atmospheric circulation and the geometry of mountain chains. The movement and geometry of the lithospheric plates is a key long term influence on global climate and hea transfer and plae movements can be both vertical e.g the formation of the Himalayas and the Tibetan plateau or horizontal e.g sea floor spreading or the closing of the panama seaway and the development of the north atlantic gulf stream. Internal energy drives endogenic processes such as plate tectonics, volcanic activity, seismicity. The geography of the tectonic plates is a key influence on a global climate, this influences: the form and size of the ocean basins and land masses, patterns of heat transfer in the oceans thermohaline circulation, large scale atmospheric circulation and vertical heat exchange, the location and elevation of mountain chains and plateaus, the amount of elevated crust. The formation of the Himalayas and the Tibetan plateau that began 52 to 44ma key events that led to a step change in the climate system and long term global cooling. Horizontal crustal movement the closing of the panama seaway around 4 ma and the development of the north atlantic gulf stream taking warm water to higher latitudes a key factor in the formation of ice sheets in the northern hemisphere. The closing of the panama seaway around 4ma and the development of the north atlantic gulf stream taking warm water to higher latitudes. The movement and geometry of the lithospheric plates is a key longterm influence on global climate and heat transfer, vertical crustal movements are most rapid at plate boundaries and we will be exploring their potential impact on weathering rates and carbon cycle. Location and elevation of mountain chains and high plateau landscapes across the earths surface is a key influence on climate over a range of timescales. The essay is about the last 65 million years, so the Big Bang theory is not really relevant. You need a nice range of examples to show how endogenic processes can influence global climate (long and short term). We covered some in the lectures (i.e. vertical and horizonatal crustal movements). We did not really look at volcanic processes, but you need to mention them too (short and longterm impacts) we mentioned other controls too (not related to endogenic processes) so you can mention them briefly to round things off. When Mount Pinatubo erupted in the Philippines June 15, 1991, an estimated 20 million tons of sulfur dioxide and ash particles blasted more than 12 miles (20 km) high into the atmosphere. The eruption caused widespread destruction and loss of human life. Gases and solids injected into the stratosphere circled the globe for three weeks. Volcanic eruptions of this magnitude can impact global climate, reducing the amount of solar radiation reaching the Earths surface, lowering temperatures in the troposphere, and changing atmospheric circulation patterns. The extent to which this occurs is an ongoing debate.  Large-scale volcanic activity may last only a few days, but the massive outpouring of gases and ash can influence climate patterns for years. Sulfuric gases convert to sulfate aerosols, sub-micron droplets containing about 75 percent sulfuric acid. Following eruptions, these aerosol particles can linger as long as three to four years in the stratosphere. Major eruptions alter the Earths radiative balance because volcanic aerosol clouds absorb terrestrial radiation, and scatter a significant amount of the incoming solar radiation, an effect known as radiative forcing that can last from two to three years following a volcanic eruption. Volcanic eruptions cause short-term climate changes and contribute to natural climate variability, says Georgiy Stenchikov, a research professor with the Department of Environmental Sciences at Rutgers University. Exploring effects of volcanic eruption allows us to better understand important physical mechanisms in the climate system that are initiated by volcanic forcing. Stenchikov and Professor Alan Robock of Rutgers University with Hans Graf and Ingo Kirchner of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology performed a series of climate simulations that combined volcanic aerosol observations from the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II (SAGE II) available from the Langley DAAC, with Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) data from the Goddard Space Flight Center DAAC. The research team ran a general circulation model developed at the Max Planck Institute with and without Pinatubo aerosols for the two years following the Pinatubo eruption. To study the sensitivity of climate response to sea surface temperature, using data from the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory DAAC, they conducted calculations with climatologically mean sea surface temperature, as well as with those observed during particular El Nià ±o and La Nià ±a periods. By comparing the climate simulations from the Pinatubo eruption, with and without aerosols, the researchers found that the climate model calculated a general cooling of the global troposphere, but yielded a clear winter warming pattern of surface air temperature over Northern Hemisphere continents. The temperature of the tropical lower stratosphere increased by 4 Kelvin (4 °C) because of aerosol absorption of terrestrial longwave and solar near-infrared radiation. The model demonstrated that the direct radiative effect of volcanic aerosols causes general stratospheric heating and tropospheric cooling, with a tropospheric warming pattern in the winter. The modeled temperature change is consistent with the temperature anomalies observed after the eruption, Stenchikov says. The pattern of winter warming following the volcanic eruption is practically identical to a pattern of winter surface temperature change caused by global warming. It shows that volcanic aerosols force fundamental climate mechanisms that play an important role in the global change process. This temperature pattern is consistent with the existence of a strong phase of the Arctic Oscillation, a natural pattern of circulation in which atmospheric pressure at polar and middle latitudes fluctuates, bringing higher-than-normal pressure over the polar region and lower-than-normal pressure at about 45 degrees north latitude. It is forced by the aerosol radiative effect, and circulation in winter is stronger than the aerosol radiative cooling that dominates in summer. Man-made, or anthropogenic emissions can make the consequences of volcanic eruptions on the global climate system more severe, Stenchikov says. For instance, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in the atmosphere start a chain of chemical reactions on aerosol surfaces that destroy ozone molecules in the mid-latitude stratosphere, intensifying observed stratospheric ozone depletion. While we have no observations, the 1963 Agung eruption on the island of Bali probably did not deplete ozone as there was little atmospheric chlorine in the stratosphere. In 1991 after the Pinatubo eruption, when the amount of CFCs in the stratosphere increased, the ozone content in the mid-latitudes decreased by 5 percent to 8 percent, affecting highly populated regions, says Stenchikov. NASA and the National Science Foundation have funded Robock and Stenchikov to study the Pinatubo eruption in more detail, and to conduct another model comparison with the volcanic aerosol data set. They plan to combine SAGE II data with available lidar and satellite data from various DAACs to improve their existing data set. By understanding the impact of large volcanic eruptions on Earths climate system in more detail, perhaps scientists will be in a better position to suggest measures to lessen their effects on people and natural resources. Both technological change and economic growth are seen as major determinants of future global energy demand levels, the associated carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and global climate impacts Until recently, however, the modelling of energy-economy-climate interactions has largely regarded technological progress as an exogenous process, rather than as endogenous technological change. Energy Economics Volume 24, Issue 1, January 2002, Pages 1-19 a momentary glance at a map of the world today to realise that the disposition of the continents has a marked effect on both local and global climate. Not the least of these effects results from the difference in the thermal properties of land versus ocean a continental region will be colder in winter and warmer in summer than an oceanic region at any given latitude. Moreover mountain belts formed as a consequence of plate tectonic activity dramatically modify rainfall through the effects of  orography   the development of a rain shadow on the leeward side of mountain belts. Global climate is also strongly controlled by ocean currents. For example, northwestern Europe is significantly warmer than other regions at similar latitudes because of the warming effects of the Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Drift. The reversal of oceanic currents in the equatorial Pacific a phenomenon known as El Nià ±o has a far-reaching effect on climate around the Pacific. Ocean currents depend on the geometry of the oceans and this is controlled by plate tectonics. Hence, over geological timescales the movement of plates and continents has a profound effect on the distribution of land masses, mountain ranges and the connectivity of the oceans. As a consequence, plate tectonics has a very direct and fundamental influence on global climate. http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/resource/view.php?id=172207 The climate of modern Antarctica is extreme. Located over the South Pole and in total darkness for six months of the year, the continent is covered by glacial ice to depths in excess of 3 km in places. Yet this has not always been the case. 50 Ma ago, even though Antarctica was in more or less the same position over the pole, the climate was much more temperate there were no glaciers and the continent was covered with lush vegetation and forests. So how did this extreme change come about? The modern climate of Antarctica depends upon its complete isolation from the rest of the planet as a consequence of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current that completely encircles Antarctica and gives rise to the stormy region of the Southern Ocean known as the roaring forties. The onset of this current is related to the opening of seaways between obstructing continents. Antarctica and South America were once joined together as part of Gondwana and were the last parts of this original supercontinent to separate. By reconstructing continental positions from magnetic and other features of the sea floor in this region, geologists have shown that the Drake Passage opened in three phases between 50 Ma and 20 Ma, as illustrated in Figure 32. At 50 Ma there was possibly a shallow seaway between Antarctica and South America, but both continents were moving together. At 34 Ma the seaway was still narrow, but differential movement between the Antarctic and South American Plates created a deeper c hannel between the two continents that began to allow deep ocean water to circulate around the continent. Finally, at 20 Ma there was a major shift in local plate boundaries that allowed the rapid development of a deep-water channel between the two continental masses. The coincidence of the change in motion of the Pacific Plate with changes in plate motions between S. America and Antarctica shows how the motions of all the plates are interconnected a change in the true motion of one plate leads to changes in the true motions of many others. While these plate motions were taking place the effect on Antarctica was profound. By 34 Ma the climate cooled from the temperate conditions that previously existed. This was sufficient for glaciers to begin their advance, and was followed by a period of continued cooling until at about 20 Ma, glaciation was complete. Even though the Drake Passage first opened at 50 Ma it was not until it opened to deep water at 34 Ma that glaciation really took hold Today, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest deep ocean current and its strength is responsible for the icehouse climate that grips the planet. The opening of the Drake Passage had both a local and a global effect, initially cooling the climate of Antarctica from temperate to cold and ultimately playing an important role in the change from global greenhouse conditions 50 Ma ago to the global icehouse of today. This example shows how plate tectonics, continental drift and the opening and closing of seaways can have a profound influence on both local and global climate. Throughout the Phanerozoic there were long periods when the Earth was much warmer than today often called a greenhouse climate and other times when it was cold called an icehouse climate. These cycles, like the Wilson cycle, occur over periods of 100 Ma, reflecting the timescale of plate movements and the growth and destruction of oceans. Given the clear link between ocean circulation and climate, and the similar timescales of global climate change and plate motions, it is inescapable that one of the chief controls on long-term changes in the global climate must be plate tectonics. Every two to seven years a climatic disturbance brings floods to California, droughts to Australia, and famine to Africa . Known as El Nino, it is essentially a warming of surface waters in the eastern Pacific near the equator. Although scientists understand the mechanics of El Nino, its origins have yet to be determined. Most believe that the interaction between the atmosphere and the sea somehow generates this climatic disturbance that wreaks havoc upon those regions of the world that lie in its path. But now a new theory on the origins of El Nino has been proposed and, surprisingly, it has very little to do with the atmosphere or the sea. The new theory suggests that the primary mover behind El Nino is hot magma welling up between tectonic plates on the Pacific sea-floor. The upwelling magma heats the overlying waters enough to affect the ocean surface, initiating the cascade of events that brings on the wrath of El Nino. Volcanic Ash Eruptions, like that pictured above, throw tons of ash into the atmosphere, and have short term affects of the climate. If the eruption is potent enough, the ash will stop some of the shortwave radiation coming in from the Sun. This, in turn, will lead to a decrease in the global temperature. The reason for this is that the shortwave radiation that comes in from the Sun and reaches the Earths surface, gets absorbed in the the Earth. About 4 to 6 hours later, the Earth reradiates that energy in the form of longwave radiation. This is where the temperature comes from. So if some of the sunlight is shut off, then this will lead to a decrease the global temperature. With the eruption of Mount Pinatubo in June 1991 (image above), about 22 million tons of ash was thrown into the atmosphere. This was enough to block a fraction of the sunlight from reaching the Earths surface, which cooled the global temperature on Earth by as much as 0.5 degrees C. The most powerful eruption in recorded his tory, the eruption of the Tambora Volcano in Indonesia in April of 1815, threw up so much ash that the global temperature on Earth fell by as much as 3 degrees C. Europe and North America know this time as the year without a summer. The volcanic ash does not keep the temperatures down for a very long period of time geologically speaking, so its impacts are on a short term basis. Rain-Shadow Effect The long term impacts of volcanoes come from a look at simple geography. Volcanoes are gigantic mountains, so their affect on climate is the same as a normal mountain. This leads to the rain-shadow effect (explained in the  Continental Movement  section), which comes into play with volcanoes just as it does with mountain building. Until that volcano can be eroded away, it will continue to have some sort of impact on climate. This can last for thousands of years. Volcanoes have quite a bit of affect on climate. And this affect can be rather short term (volcanic ash) or long term (rain-shadow effect) in nature. Again biology can be affected by this too. For example, a desert area may quickly develop on the leeward side of a new volcano. If life is not able to adjust, extinction will become a significant threat. http://www.djburnette.com/projects/volcanoes.html

Nelson Mandela Essay -- Essays Papers

Nelson Mandela A transformationals Mandela, Nelson Rolihlahla, South Africa's first black president. Mandela was widely revered by blacks throughout Africa as a symbol of black liberation. He gained almost legendary status through the 1980s as South Africa's leading antiapartheid figure, assuming the forefront of the black struggle after his release from prison. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was born July 18, 1918 near Umtata in Transkei, in the Eastern Cape, into the royal family of the Tembu, a Xhosa-speaking tribe. He was educated at a British missionary boarding school and at Fort Hare University, from which he was expelled in 1940 for leading a strike with Oliver Tambo. He returned home, but ran away to Soweto in Transvaal province, giving up his hereditary chieftanship to avoid an arranged marriage. He eventually obtained a law degree from the University of South Africa. Helped by Walter Sisulu, Mandela and Tambo set up South Africa's first black law firm. In 1944, the three men formed the African National Congress Youth League, which came to dominate the ANC in 1948. He became president of the league in 1950. Meanwhile Mandela married Evelyn Ntoko, with whom he had three children. The couple later were divorced. Mandela was arrested in 1955 and was acquitted of treason in 1961. After the trial, Mandela took up armed insurrection, traveling abroad for military training. Upon his return to South Africa, he went underground and formed the ANC's military wing,...

The Picture of Dorian Gray

English Essay Oscar Wilde’s novel is an extended metaphor that reinforces his idea that ‘There is no such thing as a moral or immoral book’. In The Picture Of Dorian Gray his view is very contradictory. His theory is reinforced through the changes in Dorian’s personality, the ‘yellow book’ A Rebours (‘against nature’) which was one of the most important novels during the decadence period, which was given to Dorian Gray by Lord Henry. Consequently, leading us to the corruption of Dorian Gray and his inevitable death. Dorian’s change in personality reinforces Oscar Wilde’s idea. This is because Dorian is living a double life, and in regards to the novel elements of his good and bad side is shown. This is shown with hints in the novel and shows the cautionary tale of the novel. As his friends, such as Lord Henry attempted to â€Å"spoil† his â€Å"beautiful nature† one of his closest friend Basil was cautious this was going to turn young Dorian from good to evil. Wilde does this to show how Dorian’s lifestyle can be corrupted morally and immorally, as things such as the painting make him accomplish the things he always wanted accepting pleasures moral or immorally. In spite of this, Lord Henry threatens Dorian’s fear of the painting losing beauty. Wilde uses this scenario that challenges his idea, because as Dorian is in constant fear of his loss of beauty this links in with Wilde himself as he wants â€Å"to be like Dorian† Wilde is always cautious of presenting his homosexuality within the book because the society didn’t practice it. Nevertheless he clearly states his desires for men in the book which doesn’t reinforce his idea as they are immoral feelings that are represented. The influence of the ‘yellow book’ is fundamental to Oscar Wilde’s idea. This is because Lord Henry gives the book to Dorian Gray and once Dorian has read this book he starts to get thoughts in his head which corrupts his mind. Thus shown in the novel as the yellow book as Dorian is now starting to become influenced by it showing the book has a moral, but the feelings in the novel that are present are immoral. Wilde uses this ‘poisonous’ yellow book to represent his aesthetic sensations without the concern of what the society will think, as the yellow book reveals aesthetic sensations that links to decadence because the end of novel ends in gothic fashion due to the influence of the yellow book. By doing this, this doesn’t reinforce his idea because it shows that if you believe in something it’s bound to have a moral like the moral book so his idea is yet again contradicted. The corruption of Dorian Gray is consequent to the things I have identified and challenges Oscar Wilde’s idea. This is because as Oscar Wilde starts to show the reader Dorian’s corrupt soul more and more throughout the book as he commits crimes and makes the one he ‘loved’ commit suicide. By showing us Dorian’s corrupt soul more through the book it gives the reader a sense that there is a moral to it because no one can be once an almost ‘perfect’ human being to a criminal almost who neglects his close friends without a meaning behind it. Thus going against Oscar Wilde’s idea because his book was based on getting homo erotic views across so he must be presenting something that has meaning for example Dorian’s beauty and how it lead to his corruption. All of these elements contradict Oscar Wilde’s approach towards this book. His constant use of Dorian and his changed personality and the yellow book doesn’t reinforce his idea very well at all. In spite of this perhaps Oscar Wilde could be presenting these ideas on purpose to give his analytical side to his idea. A good example is the â€Å"yellow book† once Dorian read the book his mind state changed because he believed the words and the moral behind the book. Therefore this could lead to Oscar Wilde’s intention that books are influencing to people if they believe it from the start. He wants to tell us that if you think books are moral you’ll be influence by them. This is a result to why Oscar Wilde’s novel is so contradictory today he uses all the elements in the book which makes people believe in the book thereby creating a moral and some others who don’t agree with his view and his explicit behaviour won’t believe in the book meaning the novel has no meaning making it have no moral which is why he presents Dorian, the â€Å"yellow book† and his corruption in such a way. The Picture of Dorian Gray English Essay Oscar Wilde’s novel is an extended metaphor that reinforces his idea that ‘There is no such thing as a moral or immoral book’. In The Picture Of Dorian Gray his view is very contradictory. His theory is reinforced through the changes in Dorian’s personality, the ‘yellow book’ A Rebours (‘against nature’) which was one of the most important novels during the decadence period, which was given to Dorian Gray by Lord Henry. Consequently, leading us to the corruption of Dorian Gray and his inevitable death. Dorian’s change in personality reinforces Oscar Wilde’s idea. This is because Dorian is living a double life, and in regards to the novel elements of his good and bad side is shown. This is shown with hints in the novel and shows the cautionary tale of the novel. As his friends, such as Lord Henry attempted to â€Å"spoil† his â€Å"beautiful nature† one of his closest friend Basil was cautious this was going to turn young Dorian from good to evil. Wilde does this to show how Dorian’s lifestyle can be corrupted morally and immorally, as things such as the painting make him accomplish the things he always wanted accepting pleasures moral or immorally. In spite of this, Lord Henry threatens Dorian’s fear of the painting losing beauty. Wilde uses this scenario that challenges his idea, because as Dorian is in constant fear of his loss of beauty this links in with Wilde himself as he wants â€Å"to be like Dorian† Wilde is always cautious of presenting his homosexuality within the book because the society didn’t practice it. Nevertheless he clearly states his desires for men in the book which doesn’t reinforce his idea as they are immoral feelings that are represented. The influence of the ‘yellow book’ is fundamental to Oscar Wilde’s idea. This is because Lord Henry gives the book to Dorian Gray and once Dorian has read this book he starts to get thoughts in his head which corrupts his mind. Thus shown in the novel as the yellow book as Dorian is now starting to become influenced by it showing the book has a moral, but the feelings in the novel that are present are immoral. Wilde uses this ‘poisonous’ yellow book to represent his aesthetic sensations without the concern of what the society will think, as the yellow book reveals aesthetic sensations that links to decadence because the end of novel ends in gothic fashion due to the influence of the yellow book. By doing this, this doesn’t reinforce his idea because it shows that if you believe in something it’s bound to have a moral like the moral book so his idea is yet again contradicted. The corruption of Dorian Gray is consequent to the things I have identified and challenges Oscar Wilde’s idea. This is because as Oscar Wilde starts to show the reader Dorian’s corrupt soul more and more throughout the book as he commits crimes and makes the one he ‘loved’ commit suicide. By showing us Dorian’s corrupt soul more through the book it gives the reader a sense that there is a moral to it because no one can be once an almost ‘perfect’ human being to a criminal almost who neglects his close friends without a meaning behind it. Thus going against Oscar Wilde’s idea because his book was based on getting homo erotic views across so he must be presenting something that has meaning for example Dorian’s beauty and how it lead to his corruption. All of these elements contradict Oscar Wilde’s approach towards this book. His constant use of Dorian and his changed personality and the yellow book doesn’t reinforce his idea very well at all. In spite of this perhaps Oscar Wilde could be presenting these ideas on purpose to give his analytical side to his idea. A good example is the â€Å"yellow book† once Dorian read the book his mind state changed because he believed the words and the moral behind the book. Therefore this could lead to Oscar Wilde’s intention that books are influencing to people if they believe it from the start. He wants to tell us that if you think books are moral you’ll be influence by them. This is a result to why Oscar Wilde’s novel is so contradictory today he uses all the elements in the book which makes people believe in the book thereby creating a moral and some others who don’t agree with his view and his explicit behaviour won’t believe in the book meaning the novel has no meaning making it have no moral which is why he presents Dorian, the â€Å"yellow book† and his corruption in such a way.

Definition and Examples of Plain English

Definition and Examples of Plain English Plain English is  clear and direct speech or writing in English. Also called plain language. The opposite of plain English goes by various names: bureaucratese, doublespeak, gibberish, gobbledygook, skotison. In the U.S., the Plain Writing Act of 2010 took effect in October 2011 (see below). According to the governments Plain Language Action and Information Network, the law requires federal agencies to write all new publications, forms, and publicly distributed documents in a â€Å"clear, concise, well-organized† manner that follows the best practices of plain language writing. Based in England, the Plain English Campaign is a professional editing company and pressure group committed to eliminating gobbledygook, jargon and misleading public information. Examples and Observations Plain English, it turns out, is the product of craft: an understanding of the readers needs, the translation of alienating jargon, establishing an easy pace that readers can follow. Clarity of expression comes most of all from a clear understanding of the topic or theme you are writing about. No writer can clarify for the reader what is not clear to the writer in the first place.(Roy Peter Clark, Help! for Writers: 210 Solutions to the Problems Every Writer Faces. Little, Brown and Company, 2011) Plain English (or plain language, as its often called) refers to: The writing and setting out of essential information in a way that gives a cooperative, motivated person a good chance of understanding it at first reading, and in the same sense that the writer meant it to be understood. This means pitching the language at a level that suits the readers and using good structure and layout to help them navigate. It doesnt mean always using simple words at the expense of the most accurate or writing whole documents in kindergarten language . . ..Plain English embraces honesty as well as clarity. Essential information should not lie or tell half-truths, especially as its providers are often socially or financially dominant.(Martin Cutts, Oxford Guide to Plain English, 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, 2009) Plain Writing Act (2011) The federal government is rolling out a new official language of sorts: plain English. . . .[President Barack] Obama signed the Plain Writing Act last fall after decades of effort by a cadre of passionate grammarians in the civil service to jettison the jargon. . . .It takes full effect in October, when federal agencies must start writing plainly in all new or substantially revised documents produced for the public. The government will still be allowed to write nonsensically to itself. . . .By July, each agency must have a senior official overseeing plain writing, a section of its website devoted to the effort and employee training under way. . . .It is important to emphasize that agencies should communicate with the public in a way that is clear, simple, meaningful and jargon-free, says Cass Sunstein, a White House information and regulation administrator who gave guidance to federal agencies in April on how to put the law into place.(Calvin Woodward [Associated Press], Feds Must St op Writing Gibberish Under New Law. CBS News, May 20, 2011) Plain Writing As for plain English writing,  think of it as having three parts: - Style. By style, I mean how to write clear, readable sentences. My advice is simple: write more the way you talk. This may sound simple, but its a powerful metaphor that can revolutionize your writing.- Organization. I suggest starting with your main point almost all the time. That doesnt mean it has to be your first sentence (though it can be)just that it should come early and be easy to find.- Layout. This is the appearance of the page and your words on it. Headings, bullets, and other techniques of white space help your reader seevisuallythe underlying structure of your writing. . . . Plain English is not limited to expressing only simple ideas: it works for all kinds of writingfrom an internal memo to a complicated technical report. It can handle any level of complexity. (Edward P. Bailey, Plain English at Work: A Guide to Writing and Speaking. Oxford University Press, 1996) Criticism of Plain English As well as the arguments in favour (e.g. Kimble, 1994/5), Plain English also has its critics. Robyn Penman argues that we need to consider the context when we write and we cannot rely on a universal principle of plain or simple English. There is some evidence that Plain English revisions do not always work: Penman quotes research including an Australian study which compared versions of a tax form and found that the revised version was virtually as demanding for the taxpayer as the old form (1993), p. 128).We agree with Penmans main pointthat we need to design appropriate documentsbut we still think that all business writers should consider the recommendations coming from Plain English sources. Unless you have clear contrary evidence, they are the safest bet, especially if you have a general or mixed audience. (Peter Hartley and Clive G. Bruckmann, Business Communication. Routledge, 2002)

Free Essays on Idea Of Masculinity And Physical Condition

Idea of Masculinity and Physical Condition In today's society, there is a lot of pressure on young men to be in the best physical condition possible. The idea of masculinity seems to be related to the picture of a perfect man with bulging muscles that excels in sports. A boy growing up who does not make the football or baseball team is ridiculed and tormented by his classmates and is labeled as a "nerd" or a "loser". These images of the macho man are put in adolescent boys heads mainly by the media. They see the Arnold Schwaztanagers and other muscle men and grow up thinking that is what they have to look like in order to get a good-looking girlfriend or to be popular. Movies portray the big strong man as the one in charge, and the one with all the ladies. Strength has become symbolic of not only Masculinity, but of power and sexuality. The main problem with this image is that not all children can live up to it. A boy with an illness such as asthma or diabetes may look fine, but is not able to perform as well athletically than his classmates. The boy will often end up hating himself and pushing harder than he is physically able in order to perform as well as his peers. This is not only dangerous to the physical well - being of the child, but can also mentally harm him when he realizes he will never be as quick or as strong as the rest of the boys. Along with peer pressure comes pressure from the gym teachers or coaches. They always want to push the extra step, but sometime that extra step is unattainable. The only way that a child with a disability can cope with this is to realize that just because he is not athletic does not make him any less masculine. Some boys that do not even take interest in sports pretend to, just so they are not labeled as "weird" or "gay". They act like they enjoy watching football games with dad or basketball games with his friends, even though he would rather be reading or writing. Ju... Free Essays on Idea Of Masculinity And Physical Condition Free Essays on Idea Of Masculinity And Physical Condition Idea of Masculinity and Physical Condition In today's society, there is a lot of pressure on young men to be in the best physical condition possible. The idea of masculinity seems to be related to the picture of a perfect man with bulging muscles that excels in sports. A boy growing up who does not make the football or baseball team is ridiculed and tormented by his classmates and is labeled as a "nerd" or a "loser". These images of the macho man are put in adolescent boys heads mainly by the media. They see the Arnold Schwaztanagers and other muscle men and grow up thinking that is what they have to look like in order to get a good-looking girlfriend or to be popular. Movies portray the big strong man as the one in charge, and the one with all the ladies. Strength has become symbolic of not only Masculinity, but of power and sexuality. The main problem with this image is that not all children can live up to it. A boy with an illness such as asthma or diabetes may look fine, but is not able to perform as well athletically than his classmates. The boy will often end up hating himself and pushing harder than he is physically able in order to perform as well as his peers. This is not only dangerous to the physical well - being of the child, but can also mentally harm him when he realizes he will never be as quick or as strong as the rest of the boys. Along with peer pressure comes pressure from the gym teachers or coaches. They always want to push the extra step, but sometime that extra step is unattainable. The only way that a child with a disability can cope with this is to realize that just because he is not athletic does not make him any less masculine. Some boys that do not even take interest in sports pretend to, just so they are not labeled as "weird" or "gay". They act like they enjoy watching football games with dad or basketball games with his friends, even though he would rather be reading or writing. Ju...

American Airlines Flight 191 Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

American Airlines Flight 191 - Case Study Example This maintenance procedure is believed to have led to the engine separating from the wing. The procedure was carried out because McDonnell-Douglas issued a service bulletin requiring that the "upper and lower spherical bearings that attached the pylon to the wing" (Failure Analysis, 2008, pg. 1) be replaced. Instead of carrying out the procedure according to the accompanying directions, American Airlines decided to replace the assembly via a cheaper method that involved less time and effort to undertake. The aft bulkhead could have been brought into contact with the wing-mounted clevis via a number of different ways. Either during or after the hardware in the aft bulkhead fitting was removed, a load could have been applied that would have been sufficient enough to produce a crack. When attaching the pylon, the maintenance personnel had to be extremely careful because of the small distance between the pylon and wing attachments and the structural elements. It would only take a minor error for the forklift operator to damage the bulkhead and its upper flange (Failure Analysis, 2008). the airlines contributed to this accident" (Failure Analysis, 2008, pg. 1).

Retail at the speed of fashion (case study) Essay

Retail at the speed of fashion (case study) - Essay Example On the other hand, Zara has individually owned manufacturing units in and around Spain. It has full control over the manufacturing facilities giving them better flexibility. Only the raw materials like undyed fabric are purchased from countries like India and Morocco. The dependence on the suppliers is minimal for Zara. Buyer Power- An industry like fashion is characterized by very high buyer power. The power of the buyers is not in terms of bargaining but in terms of taste and preferences, which can change very swiftly. Zara has a well-dedicated designing team, which produces about 12,000 styles per year. This helps Zara to respond to changes quickly. Threat of Substitutes- Trends in fashion lasts for a very short period. It is substituted by a newer trend. Zara has maintained its position in the industry because it continuously changes to newer trend. It reacts faster than that of the other companies in the business. Barriers to entry- A new company coming into the industry will need a lot of time to be successful. The Capital requirement is high in the industry and one of the most important factors is the Brand identity. These factors create barriers to entry in the industry and there will be very few new competitors in the global scenario. Degree of Rivalry- Zara is a globally accepted brand, which is targeted to all sectors of the society. Brands like Gucci and Armani are more coveted brands not affordable to all. The other companies falling in the category of Zara are Gap, Hennes & Mauritz etc. The competition among these brands is not intense. Moreover, Zara has the competitive advantage of the least response time. The generic strategies developed by Porter states that the profitability of the firm depends on the industry attractiveness. Strengths of a firm can be categorized mainly under two heads- cost advantage and differentiation. By applying

Analyzing advertisements the danger of smoking Essay

Analyzing advertisements the danger of smoking - Essay Example contribute unfavorable pregnancy outcome resulting to death and even poor health of the fetus (Ricci and Kyle, 744; Hanson, Venturelli and Fleckenstein, 307). The sad thing, both the mainstream and secondhand smoke from tobacco could have adverse impact on fetus (Hanson, Venturelli and Fleckenstein, 307). Considering that health warnings placed on tobacco package have continuously received acceptance from various countries, it seems there is observed substantial effectiveness on them, particularly on disseminating information about the health dangers associated with smoking. The goal in most of these ads is to continuously keep everyone knowledgeable about the peril of smoking, not just on the smokers’ health, but including non-smokers’ having no exemption for unborn babies. Ads like these must be degrading to tobacco products, but for as long as these offerings continue to contribute high amount of tax, the government can only regulate warnings such as â€Å"Government Warning: Cigarette Smoking is Dangerous to your Health,† which in some countries have been revolutionized by placing actual pictorials of health warnings on tobacco package, just as presented in this

The Story of an Hour Essay Example for Free

The Story of an Hour Essay The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin is an impressive literary piece which touches a readers feelings as well as mind. Although the story is really short, it is very rich and complete, and every word in it carries deep sense and a lot of meaning. The events take place in the 19 century in the house of Mr. and Mrs. Mallard. Speaking about the plot and suspense of  « The Story of an Hour  » we may define such its elements as the exposition, the narrative hook, crisis , the main climax, and the denouement. The plot novel contains all these elements so we can speak of a closed plot structure. In the beginning we find out that Mrs. Mallard is afflicted with heart trouble, and news about her husbands death is brought to her as gently as possible, the second sentence introduce characters to the readers † It was her sister Josephine who told her, in broken sentences; veiled hints that revealed in half concealing. Her husbands friend Richards was there, too, near her. It was he who had been in the newspaper office when intelligence of the railroad disaster was received, with Brently Mallards name leading the list of killed. These sentences are the exposition of the story. When Mrs. Mallard finds out about the death of her husband starts the complication in The Story â€Å"She did not hear the story as many women have heard the same, with a paralyzed inability to accept its significance. She wept at once, with sudden, wild abandonment, in her sisters arms. † The narrative hook marks the beginning of the collision mentioning some queer changes in Mrs. Mallard’s feelings: â€Å"There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully. What was it? She did not know; it was too subtle and elusive to name. But she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through the sounds, the scents, the color that filled the air†. The rising action which adds complication to the story can be found in the part of the novel when â€Å"she was beginning to recognize this thing that was approaching to possess her, and she was striving to beat it back with her will—as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been. When she abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips. She said it over and over under her breath: free, free, free! The main climax is expressed by breaking the narrative in a fragmentary sentence â€Å" Someone was opening the front door with a latchkey. It was Brently Mallard who entered†¦ . † In the falling action we find out that â€Å"He had been far from the scene of accident, and did not even know there had been one. He stood amazed at Josephines piercing cry; at Richards quick motion to screen him from the view of his wife. † The denouement indicates the moment when the doctors state Mrs. Mallard’s death – â€Å"When the doctors came they said she had died of heart disease—of joy that kills. † As for the conflict, it may be pointed out that it is mental or inner between freedom and grief The character of the story are Mrs. Mallard a young woman, with a fair, calm face, whose lines bespoke repression and even a certain strength, Richard her husband friend and Josephine . Mrs. Mallard is the protagonist, her character is dynamic and round as she is the one who goes through a change in one moment. In the beginning, Louise is emotional about the death of her husband, Brently. However, Louise is emotional until she reflects on the death of her husband. Louise departs to her room and reflects on the situation. She sets her feelings aside and analyzes the circumstances. â€Å"She was beginning to recognize this thing that was approaching to possess her, and she was striving to beat it back with her will†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . She realizes that she does not have to share her life, anymore. Louise is sad about Brently’s death but imagines her life without her husband â€Å"Free!  Body and soul free! †. Louise realizes she does not have to wait on her husband for anything. She can think for herself and say what is on her mind. The narrator describes her emotions in vibrant and powerful words. When Louise’s emotions are described regarding something she is thrilled about, the language becomes lively and rich with color and vibrant images. This stands in sharp contrast to the sections in which she seems indifferent or emotionally unattached. For instance â€Å"And yet she loved him—sometimes. Often she did not† which demonstrates emotional passivity, but as the short paragraph continues and her true emotions come to the forefront, the language comes alive along with her character. â€Å"What did it matter! What could love, the unsolved mystery, count for in the face of this possession of self-assertion which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being! † It is important to notice not only the language comes to life with the use of words like â€Å"mystery,† â€Å"possession,† and â€Å"impulse† but the very phrasing changing. The initial thoughts in which she was indifferent are short tidy sentences, but as soon as she begins to feel an emotion, the sentences expand and the whole of one massive thought about â€Å"her being† becomes one very long sentence to stand in contrast to the previous one. When her emotions become overwhelming, so do the sentences and language. â€Å"There would be no one to live for in those coming years; she would live for herself† begins the paragraph. There are no lively words, just a matter of fact, unemotional statement without the slightest hint of sadness. In fact, almost as though she suddenly realizes again that she doesn’t need to be sad—that marriage is an unhappy institution for her, she comes to life again through language and sentence structure as seen in a meaningful passage such as, â€Å"There will be no powerful will bending hers in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon a fellow creature. † Phrases such as â€Å"powerful will† and â€Å"blind persistence† are much more descriptive and full of energy than any she uses to describe the fact that she had no one to live for. Her emotions goes from calm and passive to wild. Through contrasting language and sentence structures to reveal the emotions of Louise, the reader is able to enter her wild mind just as easily if her every thought was described in an itemized list. The reader is forced focus on her inner-life, which depicts a sad portrait of marriage, indeed. The author doesn’t tell a lot about Richards. Just only that he was a friend of Mr. Mallard. Josephine is a typical sister. She’s extremely worried when it comes to exposing Louise’s fragile heart to pressure and sudden shocks and surprises, which generally shows that she loves her sister wholeheartedly, and doesn’t want something bad to happen to her. But she doesn’t understand that her sister was unhappy in marriage. Josephine was kneeling before the closed door with her lips to the keyhole, imploring for admission. Louise, open the door! I beg- open the door-you will make yourself ill. What are you doing, Louise? For heavens sake open the door. The story is written from the omniscient point of view. Therefore we know all thoughts and experiences of the main character. We can hear the authors voice through the inner monologue. â€Å"There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully. What was it? She did not know; it was too subtle and elusive to name. But she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through the sounds, the scents, the color that filled the air†, â€Å"She did not stop to ask if it were or were not a monstrous joy that held her. A clear and exalted perception enabled her to dismiss the suggestion as trivial†, â€Å"No; she was drinking in a very elixir of life through that open window. Her fancy was running riot along those days ahead of her. Spring days, and summer days, and all sorts of days that would be her own. She breathed a quick prayer that life might be long. The tone of the story shifts from emotional gloomy to ironically and melancholy tone The story comes off as subtly cruel in that Louises reaction to the death of her husband. She comprehends the news only later, and author shows us little by little how she comes to realize it and what helps her to understand it. She goes to her room, and there stood, facing the open window, a comfortable, roomy armchair. Into this she sank (788). Reading these words, the readers suddenly realize that something turns the story to a more positive, reassuring way. What makes us, readers, to think so? Here we see two things, which make us to feel that way a comfortable, roomy armchair as a symbol of security and comfort in spite of her husbands death, and the open window, which here symbolizes connection to the world, to life. The next, fifth paragraph, emphasizes these ideas even more and carries more details and fresh elements of the new, positive turn of the story. Through the open window she can see the tops of trees that were all aquiver with the new spring life. The delicious breath of rain was in the air. countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves (788). All these parts of this paragraph show us that Mrs. Mallard gets in touch with life, starts to hear sounds and to smell scents which she didnt feel before. Why? What happened? Does she really start to notice it all only after her husbands death? Yes, and the author gives us even more details, emphasizing it, not yet giving the answer why she starts to feel this way. However, a care ful reader understands the deep sense of the words about patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds . These words didnt appear in the story with no reason. All these details make us to feel the growth of Mrs. Mallards excitement and make us to understand the sign of the meaning of the blue sky a symbol of freedom and future life. In paragraph eight, Mrs. Mallard, young, with a fair, calm face, is sitting in the armchair with a dull stare in her eyes, which indicated a suspension of intelligent thought. (789). Reading these lines, the readers understand that something is going on in Mrs. Mallards head; something is changing everything in her mind. What is it? Mrs. Mallard still doesnt realize it, but she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through the sounds, the scents, the color that filled the air (789). We understand, that her soul starts to fill with happiness of freedom; freedom, which is in everything in sounds and beautiful trees around, in blue sky and in songs of the birds. However, for one moment she gets afraid to allow herself to be happy about her freedom she was striving to beat it back with her will (789). This shows us that Mrs. Mallard is a product of her time and has to be dependent on society rules. She realizes that society would determine her thoughts of freedom inappropriate, but she cant stop herself to feel that way. A calm soul is necessary for a human being and is more important than society standards. Feeling happy she just proves this thought. However, she knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tender hands folded in death (789) but its just a reaction, which society expects her to have. What can compare to a long procession of years that would belong to her absolutely (789)! Here the author finally opens a reason why Mrs. Mallard feels this way about her husbands death. There would be no powerful will bending hers in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon a fellow-creature (789). These words show the picture of Mrs. Mallards family life. She was unhappy with her husband; she couldnt have her own opinion and couldnt show her own will, thats why she is happy to be free! Back then society didn t accept a divorced woman, but it accepted widows, and we realize that being a widow it is the only way for Mrs. Mallard to get free. Free! Body and soul free! (789). We read these words and share with Mrs. Mallard her feelings, her excitement and hopes. At this point Mrs. Mallards sister Josephine is looking ridiculous, with her words Louise, open the door! you will make yourself ill. (789) Because practically, Mrs. Mallard, who is a woman, who had numerous years under her husbands will, finally gets an absolutely freedom, a miraculous freedom, which she even didnt hope to get the day before. However, her sister is far from understanding it. Expecting spring days, and summer days, and all sorts of days that would be her own (790), Mrs. Mallard goes out of the room as a goddess of Victory. 790) From the first look, this point of the story seems as the highest culminating moment of the whole story, and here is the irony. The author prepared the main strong culmination right in the end, in three final paragraphs. Mrs. Mallards husband opens the front door with a latchkey (790). He enters composedly carrying his grip-sack and umbrella (790). He is carrying it composedly, because he doesnt even know about the accident and that his name is on the list of those who died. Even more ironical here are Josephines piercing cry and Richards quick motion to screen (790) Brently Mallard from his wifes eyes. Mrs. Mallard dies of joy that kills (790). These words carry the absolutely opposite meaning, than they read. We understand, that the doctors are wrong, thinking that she dies from happiness of seeing her husband again. She chooses rather to die than to live again under her husbands will, especially after experiencing freedom, even just for one hour. This hour in a comfortable armchair in front of the open window made her feel happy and free, made her to understand the sense of her being, and it was the only real hour of her life.